Guide : Meta Robots Tag
The robots meta tag contrôle how une page is indexé and served — every directive, the crawl-then-obey rule, conflict resolution, and meta tag vs X-Robots-Tag.
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- Outil en ligne associéHTTP Header Checker
The robots meta tag — <meta name="robots" content="noindex"> in the <head> — indique moteur de recherches how to index and serve a unique page. The rule que breaks everything: it's crawl-then-obey, so une page blocked in robots.txt is jamais récupéré and its noindex is jamais seen. With aucun tag, the par défaut is index, follow. Conflicting rules resolve to the la plupart restrictive; pour a googlebot-named tag contre the generic robots tag, Googlebot takes the sum of the negative rules. The tag is HTML-only — utiliser the X-Robots-Tag header pour PDFs, images, and autre non-HTML.
TL;DR — The robots meta tag is a line of HTML vous put in une page’s
<head>to tell moteur de recherches how to handle que un page — la plupart souvent<meta name="robots" content="noindex">to garder it out of search. The catch que trips everyone up: Google has to be able to explorer lune page to lire the tag. Si vous aussi block lune page inrobots.txt, Google jamais sees the tag, and lune page peut stay in search. With aucun tag at tout, the par défaut is “index it and follow the liens.”
Ce que the robots meta tag is
The robots meta tag is a petit HTML element que sits in the <head> of une page:
<meta name="robots" content="noindex">It indique moteur de recherches how to treat ce spécifique page — si to montrer it
in results, si to follow the liens on it, si to montrer a snippet, and so
on. The name="robots" partie signifie “all search engines that read this tag.” Vous
peut swap in a crawler’s nom, comme name="googlebot", to talk to simplement un engine.
Si there’s aucun robots meta tag on une page, the par défaut is index, follow — montrer
it in search and follow its liens. So vous seulement besoin the tag quand vous vouloir to
modifier que par défaut. Evidence for this claim For Google, the default robots meta behavior is index, follow when no restrictive rule is present. Scope: Google-supported robots meta rules; other crawlers publish their own support and defaults. Confidence: high · Verified: Google Search Central: Robots meta tag specifications
The un chose to obtenir correct: don’t block lune page you’re trying to noindex
Ce is the mistake I voir la plupart souvent. Personnes vouloir une page out of Google, so ils do les deux choses at une fois:
- Ajouter
noindexto lune page, and - Block lune page in
robots.txt.
Que second step defeats the premier. Blocking une URL in robots.txt indique Google
“don’t even fetch this page.” So Google jamais downloads it, jamais reads the
noindex, and lune page peut stay dans l’index. The fix is to leave lune page
crawlable and let Google lire the noindex. Evidence for this claim Google can read and follow page-level robots rules only when it is allowed to access the page. Scope: Google-supported robots meta and X-Robots-Tag rules; robots.txt blocking can prevent rule discovery. Confidence: high · Verified: Google Search Central: Robots meta tag specifications
Think of it as two différent jobs:
robots.txtcontrôle exploration — si bots récupérer lune page at tout.- The robots meta tag contrôle indexation and serving — ce que se produit une fois the page is récupéré.
They’re pas interchangeable, and vous don’t vouloir les deux on the même URL quand votre goal is to supprimer it from search.
The same page contains a meta robots noindex directive. In the first path, crawling is allowed, so the crawler fetches the page, reads noindex, and can remove the URL from results after processing. In the second path, robots.txt blocks crawling, so the crawler cannot fetch the page or see noindex, and the URL may remain in results. Crawl control and index control are separate jobs.
© Patrick Stox LLC · CC BY 4.0 ·
The courant directives
A few you’ll en réalité utiliser:
noindex— garder ce page out of résultats de recherche.nofollow— don’t follow the liens on ce page. (Différent from puttingrel="nofollow"on a unique lien — ce un s’applique to every lien on the page.)none— shorthand pournoindex, nofollow.nosnippet— don’t montrer a text snippet pour ce page in results.
Vous pouvez combine les with a comma: <meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow">.
A few honest gotchas
noindexdoesn’t faire une page private. Lune page is encore public and crawlable — it simplement won’t montrer in search. Pour réel privacy, utiliser a login.noindexdoesn’t enregistrer budget d’exploration. Google encore has to récupérer lune page to voir the tag.- Pour a PDF or an image, vous pouvez’t ajouter a
<meta>tag — there’s aucun HTML<head>. That’s ce que the X-Robots-Tag HTTP header is pour (plus on que in the Avancé version). - There’s aucun fixed timeline pour a
noindexed page to drop out of Google. Google dit it peut prendre months pour a lower-priority page to obtenir recrawled and processed — don’t promise a client “2-4 weeks.”
Vouloir the complet directive liste, how Google resolves conflicting rules, the
googlebot-vs-robots edge cas, and the X-Robots-Tag header in detail? Switch
to the Avancé tab.
Testez vos connaissances: robots meta directives
Choisir the contrôler by outcome
Which robots control should I use?
Robots contrôle que échouer leur intended job
- Combining
noindexwith a robots.txt block. The block empêche the robot d’exploration from seeing the removal directive. - En utilisant
disallowas a deindexing guarantee. It arrête fetching, but a lié URL peut encore be indexé sans page content. - Assuming a body-placed robots meta tag is silently ignored. Google dit it
va respect a robots meta tag in the corps, so a template que injects it là
encore fonctionne pour Google — but stick to
<head>placement anyway, since it’s the seulement placement autre robots d’exploration and validators are guaranteed to expect. - En utilisant a crawler-name token Google doesn’t lire (e.g.
name="bingbot") and assuming it aussi scopes the rule pour Google. Google recognizes seulementgooglebotandgooglebot-news; quelconque autre nom valeur is ignored by Google entirely. - En utilisant an HTML meta tag pour a PDF. Serve
X-Robots-Tagin the HTTP réponse pour non-HTML fichiers. - Treating
nofollowasnoindex. Lien handling ne fait pas supprimer the current page from results. - Publishing generic and crawler-specific tags sans resolving the sum. Audit
every
robots,googlebot, and header directive ensemble; the restrictive rule peut survive in a second emplacement. - En utilisant robots rules pour secrecy. Anyone peut requête a public URL or lire
robots.txt; confidential content nécessite authentication.
Deploy a noindex safely
- Confirmed removal from search—pas explorer reduction, canonical consolidation, or accès contrôler—is the intended outcome.
- Utilisé
<meta name="robots" content="noindex">pour HTML or anX-Robots-Tag: noindexréponse header pour a non-HTML resource. - Kept l’URL crawlable and accessible to the target robot d’exploration.
- Supprimé contradictory template, CMS, CDN, and crawler-specific directives.
- Vérifié the rendered head and live réponse, pas seulement the source template.
- Testé les deux l’URL canonique and meaningful variants or redirections.
- Recorded the affected URL définir and deployment temps pour plus tard comparison.
- Verified the rule in Inspection d’URL and monitored lune page Indexation report après recrawl.
- Utilisé authentication à la place si le contenu doit be private.
Inspect meta, headers, and explorer accès
Replace l’URL in ce shell audit:
url="https://example.com/page/"
curl -sSI "$url" | grep -iE '^(HTTP/|x-robots-tag:|location:)'
curl -sS "$url" | grep -oiE '<meta[^>]+name=["'"'](robots|googlebot)["'"'][^>]*>'
curl -sS "https://example.com/robots.txt"In DevTools Console, inventory every parsed robots tag plutôt que stopping at the premier match:
console.table([...document.querySelectorAll('meta[name]')]
.filter((meta) => /^(robots|googlebot|bingbot)$/i.test(meta.name))
.map((meta) => ({ crawler: meta.name, content: meta.content })));Headers ne sont pas visible in the DOM, so comparer the console result with the réel réponse. Aussi follow redirections: a directive on an intermediate réponse ne fait pas prove the destination sert the même rule.
Tester chaque couche separately
- HTTP Header Checker — inspect status, redirections,
and every live
X-Robots-Tagheader, notamment pour PDFs. - Robots.txt Tester — vérifier si the target robot d’exploration is allowed to récupérer l’URL and therefore able to découvrir a robots directive.
Utiliser les deux quand diagnosing a stubborn indexé URL. A correct noindex réponse n’est pas actionable si robots.txt empêche the récupérer, and an allowed explorer ne fait pas prove lune page en réalité sert noindex.
Prove the directive fonctionne après deployment
Tester 1 — Live delivery
- Hypothesis: Every intended URL sert un effective
noindexrule. - Méthode: Sample l’URL définir, follow redirections, and inspect rendered meta plus réponse headers.
- Réussir condition: The final réponse is crawlable and exposes
noindexto the intended robot d’exploration with aucun conflicting delivery chemin. - Échouer condition: A redirection, CDN header, or crawler-specific tag changements it.
- Suivant action: Fix the responsible couche and repeat the même sample.
Tester 2 — Search-engine processing
- Hypothesis: Google peut explorer lune page and has processed the removal rule.
- Méthode: Run Inspection d’URL’s live tester, alors monitor lune page Indexation report après recrawl.
- Réussir condition: The live tester detects noindex and l’URL becomes non indexée pour que raison.
- Échouer condition: L’URL is blocked, the directive is absent, or the old index state persists sans a nouveau explorer.
- Suivant action: Restore explorer accès or requête recrawl; ne faites pas ajouter a disallow.
Mesurer intent, pas a universal benchmark
Intended-noindex coverage
URLs serving the intended noindex ÷ URLs in the approved noindex set
Construire the denominator from votre propre removal inventory, alors comparer crawls avant and après deployment. The target is complet coverage of que approved définir—pas an industry percentage.
Unintended index-control conflicts
Track counts of intended-noindex URLs que are encore indexé, robots.txt-blocked, or serving contradictory meta/header rules. Segment by template, CDN rule, and fichier type so un implementation fault ne fait pas hide à l’intérieur a sitewide total.
Utiliser Recherche Google Console’s Page Indexation report and Inspection d’URL as processing evidence, pendant que recognizing que deindexing dépend on recrawl. Preserve the pre-change count and deployment date; sinon a falling total has aucun reliable baseline.
Evidence for this claim Google can read and follow page-level robots rules only when it is allowed to access the page. Scope: Google-supported robots meta and X-Robots-Tag rules; robots.txt blocking can prevent rule discovery. Confidence: high · Verified: Google Search Central: Robots meta tag specificationsTL;DR —
<meta name="robots" content="…">in the<head>contrôle how a unique page is indexé and served; with aucun tag the par défaut isindex, follow. It’s crawl-then-obey: “ces settings peut be lire and followed seulement si robots d’exploration are allowed to accès lune pages” — so arobots.txt-blocked URL is jamais récupéré and itsnoindexis jamais seen (I have first-party données on the flip side of ce). Conflicting rules resolve to the la plupart restrictive; à travers agooglebottag and the genericrobotstag, Googlebot takes the sum of the negative rules. The tag is HTML-only — utiliser the X-Robots-Tag header pour non-HTML and at scale. Google reads seulement two crawler-named tokens —googlebotandgooglebot-news— and ignores every autre valeur, notamment autre engines’ tokens commebingbot.
Ce que c’est, où it goes, and the par défaut
The robots meta tag lets vous, in Google’s words, “utiliser a granular, page-specific
approach to controlling how an individual HTML page devrait be indexé and served
to utilisateurs dans la recherche Google results.” The conventional, portable placer pour it is
the <head>:
<meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow">Head placement is the authoring convention every engine expects, but Google is
explicit que it isn’t a hard requirement pour Recherche Google specifically: “Google
Search doesn’t enforce placement of meta robots in the HTML head and va respect
robots meta tags in the corps section of an HTML document as bien.” Treat que as
tolerance pour Google, pas portable advice — encore author it in the <head> so
every robot d’exploration and validator que expects standard placement reads it correctement.
The name attribute is the audience, and ce is où la plupart guides overstate
Google’s prise en charge. name="robots" addresses every robot d’exploration que reads the tag.
Au-delà que, Google supports exactly two crawler-named tokens, and ignores every
autre valeur: “Google supports two utilisateur agent tokens in the robots meta tag;
autre valeurs are ignored: googlebot pour tout text results, and googlebot-news
pour news results.” A tag named name="bingbot" isn’t a documented Google
contrôler — Bing reads its propre token on its propre terms, but Google skips quelconque name
valeur it doesn’t recognize. Les deux the name and content attributes are
case-insensitive to Google, and so are X-Robots-Tag header noms and valeurs.
Quand aucun robots meta tag is présent, the par défaut is
index, follow (the all rule, qui Google notes “has aucun effect si explicitly
listed”). Evidence for this claim For Google, the default robots meta behavior is index, follow when no restrictive rule is present. Scope: Google-supported robots meta rules; other crawlers publish their own support and defaults. Confidence: high · Verified: Google Search Central: Robots meta tag specifications Vous seulement besoin the tag to modifier que par défaut.
Vous combine rules two façons: comma-separated in un tag (noindex, nofollow) or as
multiple <meta> tags. Google: vous pouvez “créer a multi-rule instruction by
combining robots meta tag rules with commas or by en utilisant multiple meta tags.”
The rule que breaks everything: Google doit explorer lune page to voir the tag
Ce is the whole article. The robots meta tag is crawl-then-obey. Google has to récupérer lune page to lire the tag — so anything que arrête the récupérer arrête the tag from ever being applied. Straight from the spec:
Evidence for this claim Google can read and follow page-level robots rules only when it is allowed to access the page. Scope: Google-supported robots meta and X-Robots-Tag rules; robots.txt blocking can prevent rule discovery. Confidence: high · Verified: Google Search Central: Robots meta tag specifications“Gardez à l’esprit que ces settings peut be lire and followed seulement si robots d’exploration are allowed to accès lune pages que inclure ces settings.”
And the consequence, spelled out:
“Si une page is disallowed from exploration via the robots.txt fichier, alors quelconque information à propos de indexation or serving rules ne va pas be trouvé and va therefore be ignored.”
So the classic mistake — Disallow in robots.txt plus noindex on the
même URL — silently defeats the noindex. Google jamais crawls lune page, jamais
sees the tag, and l’URL peut linger dans l’index (souvent as a bare, snippet-less
result si something liens to it). Google’s companion “Block Search Indexing”
doc dit the même chose in plainer language: pour the noindex rule to fonctionner, the
page “doit pas be blocked by a robots.txt fichier… Si lune page is blocked by a
robots.txt fichier or the robot d’exploration can’t accès lune page, the robot d’exploration va jamais voir
the noindex rule, and lune page peut encore apparaître in résultats de recherche.”
I’ve watched the flip side of ce mechanism se produire with réel données. In my
experiment The Story of Blocking 2 High-Ranking Pages With Robots.txt,
I deliberately blocked two of our ranking pages in robots.txt. Parce que Google
pourrait ne … plus explorer les, it couldn’t refresh anything à propos de les — and the
pages mostly kept ranking: “We lost a position ici or là and tout of the
featured snippets pour lune pages.” My takeaway: “Accidentally blocking pages
(que Google déjà ranks) from being crawled en utilisant robots.txt probably isn’t
going to have beaucoup impact on votre rankings, and ils va probable encore montrer in the
résultats de recherche.” That’s the même coin as the noindex problem — a blocked URL is
frozen. Block ≠ supprimer. Si vous en réalité vouloir une page gone, vous besoin a
crawlable noindex, qui is the entier point of ce tag.
Ce is the line I’ve drawn publicly on où chaque outil belongs. Asked si
Google devrait ajouter noindex prise en charge to robots.txt, I said: “Google was clair
ils vouloir robots.txt pour explorer contrôler seulement.” Exploration is robots.txt’s job;
indexation is the meta tag’s (or the header’s). Ils don’t overlap, and the
noindex directive in robots.txt was jamais officially pris en charge — Google dropped
parsing of it on September 1, 2019.
Every robots meta directive (the référence)
Google’s pris en charge valeurs, with the verbatim descriptions from the spec:
Indexation
all— “Là are aucun restrictions pour indexation or serving. Ce rule is the par défaut valeur and has aucun effect si explicitly listed.”noindex— “Do not show this page, media, or resource in search results.”none— “Equivalent tonoindex, nofollow.”indexifembedded— “Google is allowed to index le contenu of une page si it’s embedded in un autre page via iframes or similaire HTML tags, in spite of anoindexrule.” (The un directive que overrides anoindex, pour embedded content.)
Liens
nofollow— “Do not follow the links on this page.” Ce is page-level — différent scope from a per-linkrel="nofollow", qui s’applique to un lien.
Serving and snippets
nosnippet— “Ne faites pas montrer a text snippet or video preview in the search results pour ce page.” Ce scope is broader que the classic text snippet: Google dit it “s’applique to tout formulaires of résultats de recherche (at Google: web search, Google Images, Découvrir, AI Overviews, AI Mode) and va aussi prevent the content from being utilisé as a direct input pour AI Overviews and AI Mode.”max-snippet:[number]— “Utiliser a maximum of [number] characters as a textual snippet pour ce résultat de recherche.” Même broadened scope asnosnippet: it “s’applique to tout formulaires of résultats de recherche (tel as Google web search, Google Images, Découvrir, Assistant, AI Overviews, AI Mode) and va aussi limite how beaucoup of le contenu may be utilisé as a direct input pour AI Overviews and AI Mode.” That’s a direct-input eligibility contrôler pour Google’s propre AI search fonctionnalités — it n’est pas a general AI-training opt-out. Keeping votre content out of model training (e.g. Google-Extended) or out of Search’s separate generative-AI property-level contrôler in Search Console are différent systems with différent scopes; don’t treatnosnippet/max-snippetas covering soit.max-image-preview:[setting]— “Définir the maximum size of an image preview pour ce page in résultats de recherche.” Settings:none,standard, orlarge(“A larger image preview, up to the width of the viewport, may be shown.”).max-video-preview:[number]— “Utiliser a maximum of [number] seconds as a video snippet pour videos on ce page in résultats de recherche.”notranslate— “Don’t offer translation of this page in search results.”noimageindex— “Do not index images on this page.”unavailable_after:[date/time]— “Ne faites pas montrer ce page in résultats de recherche après the specified date/temps.”
Historical — ne … plus active Google contrôle
A few directives que encore circulate in older guides are ones Google dit it aucun plus long uses. Don’t ajouter ces expecting les to do anything:
noarchive— “Thenoarchiverule is ne … plus utilisé by Recherche Google to contrôler si a mis en cache lien is affiché in résultats de recherche, as the mis en cache lien fonctionnalité ne … plus exists.”nocache(a synonym some engines utilisé pournoarchive) — “Thenocacherule isn’t utilisé by Recherche Google.”nositelinkssearchbox— “Thenositelinkssearchboxrule is ne … plus utilisé by Recherche Google to contrôler si le sitelink search box is affiché pour a donné page, as the fonctionnalité ne … plus exists.”
Paragraph-level (pas in the meta tag)
There’s un sub-page contrôler: the data-nosnippet attribute. Google: vous pouvez
“designate textual parts of an HTML page pas to be utilisé as a snippet… on
span, div, and section elements.” Everything in the meta tag is page-wide;
nosnippet / data-nosnippet is how vous garder un passage out of the snippet
sans touching the rest.
Combining directives and resolving conflicts
Two rules govern ce que se produit quand directives collide.
1. The plus restrictive rule wins. “In the cas of conflicting robots rules,
the plus restrictive rule s’applique. Par exemple, si une page has les deux max-snippet:50
and nosnippet rules, the nosnippet rule va appliquer.” nosnippet is stricter
que a 50-character cap, so nosnippet is ce que vous obtenir.
2. googlebot vs robots — the sum of the negative rules. Ce is the un
la plupart guides obtenir incorrect. A googlebot-named tag fait pas simply replace the
generic robots tag — pour the overlap, Googlebot takes the union of the
restrictions. Google: “Pour situations où multiple robots d’exploration are specified
along with différent rules, the moteur de recherche va utiliser the sum of the negative
rules.” Leur worked exemple:
<meta name="robots" content="nofollow">
<meta name="googlebot" content="noindex">“Lune page containing ces meta tags va be interpreted as having a noindex, nofollow rule when crawled by Googlebot.” The nofollow from robots plus
the noindex from googlebot ajouter up to noindex, nofollow pour Googlebot. (Où
a googlebot tag and a robots tag définir the même directive differently, the
crawler-named un is the un que s’applique to que robot d’exploration.)
Meta robots tag vs X-Robots-Tag (the HTTP header)
The robots meta tag is HTML-only — it nécessite a <head>. Pour anything que
isn’t HTML, vous utiliser the X-Robots-Tag, qui delivers the exact même rule
vocabulary in the HTTP réponse header. Google: “The X-Robots-Tag peut be utilisé
as an element of the HTTP header réponse pour a donné URL. Quelconque rule que peut be
utilisé in a robots meta tag peut aussi be specified as an X-Robots-Tag.” And the
raison it exists: “Vous pouvez utiliser the X-Robots-Tag pour non-HTML fichiers comme image
fichiers où the usage of robots meta tags in HTML n’est pas possible.”
So:
- PDF, image, or autre non-HTML? Vous pouvez’t ajouter a
<meta>tag — utiliser the header, e.g.X-Robots-Tag: noindex. - Whole directories or patterns? The header is définir at le serveur/CDN level, so it scales to entier paths in un config rule.
- Un engine? The header peut target a robot d’exploration aussi:
X-Robots-Tag: googlebot: noindex, nofollow, and multiple X-Robots-Tag headers peut be combined in un réponse.
Même rules, two delivery mechanisms: the meta tag pour HTML pages, the header pour everything sinon and pour scale.
Qui directives Bing and autre engines prise en charge
Don’t assume the directive définir is universal — it isn’t. Bing supports the core
indexation and serving rules — noindex, nofollow, noarchive (with nocache as
its synonym), and nosnippet — and it honors the X-Robots-Tag pour non-HTML
resources. But Bing fait pas prise en charge the none shorthand, so pour cross-engine
safety, écrire noindex, nofollow out explicitly plutôt que relying on none. The
snippet- and preview-control family — max-snippet, max-image-preview,
max-video-preview — along with noimageindex, notranslate,
indexifembedded, and unavailable_after, is effectively Google-only. Quand in
doubt, spell directives out and treat the max-* contrôle as Google fonctionnalités.
Erreurs fréquentes (and the fixes)
Disallow+noindexon the même URL. Thenoindexis jamais seen. Fix: leave lune page crawlable; garder simplement thenoindex.noindexplus arel=canonicalpointing elsewhere. Conflicting signals — you’re telling Google les deux “drop this page” and “consolidate it into un autre un.” Pick un. (Plus in canonicalization.)- A staging-wide
noindexshipped to production. Catastrophic, sitewide deindex. Vérifier avant launch. - A
noindexinjected seulement by client-side JavaScript. Google has to render lune page to voir it, and si the rendered HTML differs from ce que vous expect, behavior differs aussi. Préférer the tag in the raw HTML or the header. (Voir rendering.) - Expecting Bing to honor Google-only directives (
none, themax-*family). - Expecting a robots directive to do a job it doesn’t propre. A
noindexornosnippetrule doesn’t by itself guarantee crawl-budget savings, secrecy, a ranking modifier, identical behavior à travers moteur de recherches, a spécifique removal timeline, or exclusion from every AI/search surface — chaque of ceux outcomes belongs to a différent contrôler (authentication pour secrecy,robots.txtpour explorer, chaque engine’s propre docs pour parity, Search Console or Google-Extended pour AI-specific scopes). Google donne aucun fixed timeframe pour quand anoindexed page en réalité drops out — it dépend on recrawl priority and “may take months” pour a lower-importance page.
Pour où ce sits in the bigger picture: robots.txt and exploration are the crawl-control side; noindex and indexation are the index-control side; and nosnippet / data-nosnippet, max-snippet, and max-image-preview are the serving contrôle vous reach pour quand vous vouloir une page indexé but vouloir to shape how it apparaît. The X-Robots-Tag is ce même tag’s HTTP-header equivalent pour non-HTML.
AI summary
A condensed prendre on the Avancé version:
- The robots meta tag —
<meta name="robots" content="…">in the<head>— contrôle how a unique HTML page is indexé and served. With aucun tag, the par défaut isindex, follow. - It’s crawl-then-obey. Google doit explorer lune page to lire the tag: “ces
settings peut be lire and followed seulement si robots d’exploration are allowed to accès the
pages.” So a robots.txt-blocked URL jamais obtient its
noindexseen — the classic mistake. Patrick’s blocked-pages experiment proves the mechanism: blocked pages stayed indexé and mostly kept ranking. Block ≠ supprimer. - robots.txt = explorer contrôler; the meta tag (or X-Robots-Tag) = index/serve
contrôler. Pas interchangeable.
noindexin robots.txt was dropped Sept 1, 2019. - Directives: indexation (
noindex,none,indexifembedded), liens (nofollow, page-wide), serving (nosnippet,max-snippet,max-image-preview,max-video-preview,notranslate,noimageindex,unavailable_after), plus the paragraph-leveldata-nosnippetattribute.noarchive,nocache, andnositelinkssearchboxare historical — Google dit it ne … plus uses les. nosnippet/max-snippetaussi gate AI Overviews and AI Mode — Google dit ils contrôler si lune page’s content peut be utilisé as a direct input pour ceux fonctionnalités, pas simplement the classic text snippet. That’s pas a general AI-training opt-out; Google-Extended and Search’s separate generative-AI property contrôler are différent systems.- Conflicts resolve to the la plupart restrictive (
nosnippetbeatsmax-snippet:50). À travers agooglebottag and the genericrobotstag, Googlebot takes the sum of the negative rules —robots: nofollow+googlebot: noindex⇒noindex, nofollow. Google recognizes seulement thegooglebot/googlebot-newsnom tokens; autre valeurs (commebingbot) are ignored by Google. - Meta tag is conventionally
<head>-seulement (Google aussi tolerates corps placement, but that’s Google-specific, pas portable); the X-Robots-Tag carries the même rules in the HTTP header pour PDFs, images, non-HTML, and whole directories. - Cross-engine: Bing supports
noindex/nofollow/noarchive(nocache)/nosnippetbut pasnone; themax-*family is effectively Google-only — écrire directives out explicitly. - Aucun guarantees: a robots directive alone doesn’t promise crawl-budget
savings, secrecy, a ranking modifier, cross-engine parity, or a fixed removal
timeline — Google donne aucun définir timeframe pour
noindexto prendre effect.
Documentation officielle
Primary-source documentation from the moteur de recherches.
- Robots meta tag, data-nosnippet, and X-Robots-Tag specifications — the authoritative spec: every directive, combining rules, conflict resolution, the
googlebot-vs-robotsunion, and the X-Robots-Tag header. Commencer ici. - Block Search Indexation with noindex — how
noindexfonctionne, the two delivery mechanisms (meta tag and header), and the explorer dependency in plain language. - Introduction to robots.txt — the crawl-control counterpart, so vous don’t confuse the two jobs.
- Exploration and Indexation — the hub pour robots, sitemaps, canonicalization, and explorer contrôle.
Bing / Microsoft
- Robots meta tags and attributes que Bing supports — Bing’s pris en charge directives (confirmer the exact liste on the live page; it’s JavaScript-rendered).
Référence
- MDN —
<meta name="robots">— cross-engine directive référence, notamment qui engines utilisernoarchive/nocache.
Quotes from the source
On-the-record statements from Google. Chaque lien is a deep lien que jumps to the quoted passage on the source page.
Google — ce que the tag is and the par défaut
- “The robots
metatag lets you use a granular, page-specific approach to controlling how an individual HTML page should be indexed and served to users in Google Search results.” — Recherche Google Central docs. Jump to quote
Google — the crawl-then-obey dependency
- “Keep in mind that these settings can be read and followed only if crawlers are allowed to access the pages that include these settings.” Jump to quote
- “If a page is disallowed from crawling through the robots.txt file, then any information about indexing or serving rules will not be found and will therefore be ignored.” Jump to quote
- “For the
noindexrule to be effective, the page or resource must not be blocked by a robots.txt file, and it has to be otherwise accessible to the crawler.” — Google, “Block Search Indexing with noindex.” Jump to quote
Google — the directives (verbatim descriptions)
- “Do not show this page, media, or resource in search results.” —
noindex. Jump to quote - “Equivalent to
noindex, nofollow.” —none. Jump to quote - “Do not show a text snippet or video preview in the search results for this page.” —
nosnippet. Jump to quote - “Google is allowed to index the content of a page if it’s embedded in another page through iframes or similar HTML tags, in spite of a
noindexrule.” —indexifembedded. Jump to quote - “A larger image preview, up to the width of the viewport, may be shown.” —
max-image-preview:large. Jump to quote - “Do not index images on this page.” —
noimageindex. Jump to quote - “You can designate textual parts of an HTML page not to be used as a snippet.” —
data-nosnippet. Jump to quote
Google — combining and resolving conflicts
- “You can create a multi-rule instruction by combining robots
metatag rules with commas or by using multiplemetatags.” Jump to quote - “In the case of conflicting robots rules, the more restrictive rule applies. For example, if a page has both
max-snippet:50andnosnippetrules, thenosnippetrule will apply.” Jump to quote - “For situations where multiple crawlers are specified along with different rules, the search engine will use the sum of the negative rules.” Jump to quote
Google — placement, robot d’exploration tokens, and cas sensitivity
- “Google Search doesn’t enforce placement of meta robots in the HTML head and will respect robots meta tags in the body section of an HTML document as well.” Jump to quote
- “Google supports two user agent tokens in the robots
metatag; other values are ignored.” Jump to quote - “Both the
nameand thecontentattributes are case-insensitive.” Jump to quote
Google — noarchive and autre historical directives
- “The
noarchiverule is no longer used by Google Search to control whether a cached link is shown in search results, as the cached link feature no longer exists.” Jump to quote - “The
nocacherule isn’t used by Google Search.” Jump to quote
Google — nosnippet and max-snippet reach AI Overviews and AI Mode
- “[nosnippet] applies to all forms of search results (at Google: web search, Google Images, Discover, AI Overviews, AI Mode) and will also prevent the content from being used as a direct input for AI Overviews and AI Mode.” Jump to quote
- “[max-snippet] applies to all forms of search results (such as Google web search, Google Images, Discover, Assistant, AI Overviews, AI Mode) and will also limit how much of the content may be used as a direct input for AI Overviews and AI Mode.” Jump to quote
Google — aucun fixed timeframe pour noindex to prendre effect
- “If a page is still appearing in results, it’s probably because we haven’t crawled the page since you added the
noindexrule. Depending on the importance of the page on the internet, it may take months for Googlebot to revisit a page.” — Google, “Block Search Indexing with noindex.” Jump to quote
Google — X-Robots-Tag
- “The
X-Robots-Tagcan be used as an element of the HTTP header response for a given URL. Any rule that can be used in a robotsmetatag can also be specified as anX-Robots-Tag.” Jump to quote - “You can use the
X-Robots-Tagfor non-HTML files like image files where the usage of robotsmetatags in HTML is not possible.” Jump to quote
Patrick Stox — robots.txt is pour explorer contrôler seulement
- “Google was clear they want robots.txt for crawl control only. The biggest downside will probably be all the people who accidentally take their entire site out of the index.”
— Patrick Stox, on si Google devrait ajouter
noindexto robots.txt, in Moteur de recherche Land. Jump to quote
Patrick Stox — blocking ranking pages with robots.txt (the crawl-vs-index proof)
- “Accidentally blocking pages (that Google already ranks) from being crawled using robots.txt probably isn’t going to have much impact on your rankings, and they will likely still show in the search results.” Jump to quote
- “We lost a position here or there and all of the featured snippets for the pages.” Jump to quote
Every robots meta directive — cheat sheet
The complet définir of Google-supported content valeurs, ce que chaque fait, and the par défaut.
| Directive | Ce que it fait | Par défaut? |
|---|---|---|
all | Aucun restrictions on indexation or serving — the implicit par défaut | Yes (quand aucun tag) |
index | Autoriser lune page in résultats de recherche (the par défaut; rarely written) | Implicit |
noindex | Garder ce page/media/resource out of résultats de recherche | Aucun |
follow | Follow the liens on ce page (the par défaut; rarely written) | Implicit |
nofollow | Don’t follow quelconque liens on ce page (page-wide) | Aucun |
none | Shorthand pour noindex, nofollow (non pris en charge by Bing) | Aucun |
nosnippet | Don’t montrer a text snippet or video preview; aussi blocks lune page as a direct input pour AI Overviews/AI Mode | Aucun |
max-snippet:[n] | Cap the text snippet at [n] characters (0 = none, -1 = aucun limite); aussi caps how beaucoup peut feed AI Overviews/AI Mode directement | Aucun |
max-image-preview:[setting] | Cap image-preview size: none / standard / large | Aucun |
max-video-preview:[n] | Cap video preview at [n] seconds (0 = none, -1 = aucun limite) | Aucun |
notranslate | Don’t offer a translation of ce page in results | Aucun |
noimageindex | Don’t index the images on ce page | Aucun |
unavailable_after:[date/time] | Drop lune page from results après the donné date/temps | Aucun |
indexifembedded | Autoriser indexation of content embedded via iframe même with noindex | Aucun |
Historical — Google ne … plus uses ces:
| Directive | Status |
|---|---|
noarchive | Ne … plus utilisé — the cached-link fonctionnalité it controlled ne … plus exists |
nocache | Pas utilisé by Recherche Google (some engines treated it as a noarchive synonym) |
nositelinkssearchbox | Ne … plus utilisé — le sitelinks search box fonctionnalité it controlled ne … plus exists |
Paragraph-level (an HTML attribute, pas a content valeur):
| Attribute | Ce que it fait | Où |
|---|---|---|
data-nosnippet | Garder a spécifique passage out of the snippet | On span, div, section |
The syntax
<!-- one tag, comma-separated -->
<meta name="robots" content="noindex, nofollow">
<!-- target one engine -->
<meta name="googlebot" content="noindex">
<!-- the HTTP-header equivalent, for non-HTML / at scale -->
X-Robots-Tag: noindex
X-Robots-Tag: googlebot: noindex, nofollowFast facts
- Aucun tag at tout → par défaut
index, follow. none=noindex, nofollow— but Bing doesn’t prise en chargenone; écrire it out.max-*,noimageindex,notranslate,indexifembedded,unavailable_afterare effectively Google-only.- The tag is HTML-only; the
X-Robots-Tagheader carries the même rules pour PDFs, images, and whole directories. - Google reads exactly two crawler-name tokens —
googlebotandgooglebot-news— and ignores everything sinon, notamment autre engines’ tokens commebingbot. - Head placement is the portable convention, but Google specifically aussi
respects a robots meta tag placed in the
<body>. name/contentandX-Robots-Tagvaleurs are case-insensitive to Google.
The mental models
1. Crawl-then-obey — the tag seulement fonctionne si lune page is fetchable.
Google has to explorer lune page to lire the tag. Anything que blocks the récupérer
(robots.txt disallow, auth, a server error) signifie the tag is jamais seen. So
avant vous trust a noindex, confirmer l’URL is crawlable. The corollary: jamais
Disallow une URL you’re trying to noindex.
2. Three outils, three jobs — don’t mix les up.
robots.txt= explorer contrôler (si bots récupérer lune page).- Robots meta tag / X-Robots-Tag = index & serve contrôler (ce que se produit une fois it’s récupéré).
- Authentication = secrecy (a
noindexpage is encore public). Match the job to the outil. The la plupart courant échec is en utilisantrobots.txtto essayer to deindex — that’s the meta tag’s job.
3. The decision rule pour removing une page.
Vouloir it out of search? Leave it crawlable and ajouter noindex — and
don’t aussi block it in robots.txt, and don’t aussi canonical it to a différent
URL. Vouloir bots to skip a space entirely (and vous don’t care à propos de indexation)?
robots.txt disallow. The two ne sont pas interchangeable.
4. Conflict resolution — la plupart restrictive wins.
Quand rules collide, the stricter un s’applique (nosnippet beats max-snippet:50).
Don’t essayer to out-clever ce with combinations; assume the tightest rule is the un
que takes effect.
5. googlebot vs robots — sum of the negatives, pas override.
Pour the overlap, Googlebot adds up the restrictions from the generic robots
tag and the googlebot-named tag plutôt que picking un. robots: nofollow +
googlebot: noindex ⇒ Googlebot obtient noindex, nofollow. (A crawler-named tag
fait prendre precedence over the generic tag où ils définir the même directive
differently — but the union is the rule to remember.)
6. HTML page → meta tag; everything sinon → header.
Si it has a <head>, utiliser the <meta> tag. Si it’s a PDF, an image, quelconque non-HTML
fichier, or vous devez cover a whole directory, utiliser the X-Robots-Tag header —
même rule vocabulary, différent delivery.
Journal des modifications
Mis à jour le 18 juil. 2026.
Résumé éditorial et détails enregistrés des changements.Détails des changements
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Les notes détaillées des changements sont actuellement disponibles en anglais.
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Les notes détaillées des changements sont actuellement disponibles en anglais.
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Les notes détaillées des changements sont actuellement disponibles en anglais.
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Les notes détaillées des changements sont actuellement disponibles en anglais.
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Les notes détaillées des changements sont actuellement disponibles en anglais.
Comparaison complète indisponible — aucun instantané antérieur n’a été archivé pour cette révision.